Basic CNC programming courses (machining center and turning center)
The scope for these two courses is limited to G code level, manual
programming. While there are other programming methods (primarily computer
aided manufacturing [CAM] system programming), most experts in the field will
agree that an understanding of manual programming is of paramount importance to
any CNC programmer. Indeed, it is best to first learn about certain CNC
features (like program zero, motion types, compensation, among many others) at
G code level. Trying to learn the numerous CNC features while also attempting
to learn a complex CAM system can be difficult and confusing - in some cases,
an insurmountable task.
Course outline:
Know your machine
Machine configuration (components)
Directions of motion (axes)
Most common programmable functions (spindle, feedrate, coolant, tool
changing)
Flow of the CNC process
Visualizing the execution of a CNC program
Program structure rules (decimal point, G code limitations, M code
limitations, among others)
Program zero, rectangular coordinate system, absolute versus incremental
mode
Prepare to write programs
Divide and conquer
Preparation and safety
Steps to prepare (mark up print, machining process, calculate coordinates,
select tooling, plan setup)
Motion types
Explanation of interpolation
Things all motion types share in common
Rapid motion (G00)
Straight line motion (G01)
Circular motion (G02 and G03)
Compensation types
Intro to compensation (marksman analogy, understanding offsets, trial
machining)
Other special programming features (block delete, second reference
position, among others)
Prerequisites
We assume students enrolling in these classes currently possess certain
basic machining practice skills, including the ability to read and interpret
blueprints, the ability to interpret tolerances, the ability to use shop tools
and measuring devices, and the ability to perform arithmetic calculations (at
least addition and subtraction).
